PREPARATION OF TEM THIN FOIL CONTAINING POWDER PARTICLE BY ELECTRODEPOSITION METHOD

A practical technique to prepare transmission electron microscopy （TEM） thin foil containing powder particle was described and the data for the codeposition of two type particles with copper in the electroplating were presented. By depositing the particles which were distributed in CuSO4 electrolyte on cathode together with Cu^2＋ in electrodeposition bath, composite coating with suitable thickness could be formed. The thin coating was separated from the substrate and cut into a disc with diameter of 3mm for electropolishing. When the Cu matrix was thinned during electropolishing, the particles contained in the coating plate were also thinned to meet the suitable thickness for TEM observation. Various experimental results revealed that during electrodepositing the current density, pH-value of electrolyte and stirring mode all have significant effects on the distribution of particles in composite coating and the surface quality of the composite coating. The proper parameters used during electrodepositing to prepare TEM thin foil containing powder particle were discussed.     

全球铝轧制工业概览系列综述之二十二日本与韩国的铝箔工业

对日本与韩国的铝箔工业作了全面介绍，扼要地介绍了两国的铝箔生产能力、企业名称、装备、产量、进出口量等。除中国外，日本与韩国是亚洲最大的铝箔生产国与消费国。日本2001年的产量为134．251h，2000年的产量为153．820kt，2002年预计产量约130．00kt；日本生产铝箔的公司有7家，10个工厂，其中最大的东洋铝业公司，生产能力35kt／a；日本是铝箔净输出国，2001年出口轧制箔54．473kt，其中对中国的出口为15．369kt。韩国有7个铝箔公司，总生产能力120kt／a，最大的是洛特铝业公司，生产能力40kt／a；也是一个铝箔净出口国，2000年的净出口量38．022kt。     

提高双零铝箔成品率和一级品率的方法

从铝箔毛料，轧制油，轧辊磨削质量，生产工艺控制等方面分析了影响双零中箔成品率和一级品率的因素，提出了提高双零铝箔成品率和一级品率的工艺措施。     

退火对高压电解电容器铝箔微量元素分布和腐蚀性能的影响

观察了经300℃和500℃附加退火并经电化学腐蚀的高压电解电容器用成品铝箔的表面结构。利用二次离子质谱仪检测了铝箔表面区Fe、Si、Cu、Mg、Mn、Zn等微量元素的分布。结果显示，Mg在铝箔外表面的富集多于Fe、Si、Zn元素，而Cu、Mn在表面富集则很少。在铝箔始终保持95％以上立方织构占有率的前提下，500℃附加退火会造成更多微量元素富集于铝箔表面，且较均匀地分布在其上，从而导致了均匀的腐蚀结构和更高的比电容。     

轧制0.005 mm铝箔用铸轧坯料的工艺研究

铸轧坯料的质量是生产出合格0．005-厚铝箔的关键因素。通过从炉底周期性通入高纯N2，精确控制合金成分，用立式铸轧机生产铸轧卷，控制铸轧坯料板形等一系列工艺措施，不断提高铸轧坯料的质量，最终生产出满足轧制0．005mm铝箔要求的合格铸轧坯料。     

装饰用铝箔的质量控制

简要介绍了我公司生产的3种装饰用铝箔的质量控制措施，使3种铝箔的力学性能、表面质量、板形等满足用户的使用要求。     

全桥逆变弧焊主电路中RC缓冲电路的分析与设计

在续流回路中续流二极管的开通与关断均产生负载的巨大变化,会给线路带来一定的di/dt,它与变压器的漏感、吸收回路电感以及杂散在线路中的电感作用,会形成电压浪涌,给IGBT带来电压冲击,这不利于IGBT的可靠工作.如果续流二极管始终处于关断状态,则在IGBT上不产生过电压,这种关断轨迹有利于IGBT可靠工作.建立了全桥主电路中IGBT关断期间的数学模型,求解该模型得到Uce数学解析式,得到变压器的漏感越小,IGBT的Uce电压越小的结论.根据具体的主电路参数,计算出合理开关轨迹下的RC缓冲电路中的电阻值,根据缓冲回路电阻的功率限制和开关轨迹的要求计算缓冲电容值,通试试验证明了IGBT关断期间的数学模型是正确的.     

水包水型多彩花纹涂料

就水包水型多彩花纹涂料的形成机理、材料选择、配方组成、生产工艺控制分别进行了论述。探索了施工方法。     

玻璃纤维复合材料用于桥梁的可行性

简述玻璃纤维复合材料的性能和发展现状等，给出了其在桥梁中的应用实例，提出了有关该类材料桥梁设计的一些看法，分析表明，玻璃纤维复合材料桥梁具有质量轻，结构的整体性和耐久性好，安全可靠，施工便利等优点，但价格和建筑成本等因素帛约了其在桥梁中的广泛应用，今后需要在桥梁的结构形式和材料的合成工艺等方面开展研究，以便使它具有与其它传统材料相当的价格和建筑成本；预测玻璃纤维复合材料将会在桥梁中得到广泛应用。     

Nonlinear tracking control of underactuated cranes with load transferring and lowering: Theory and experimentation

A bridge crane is a complicated nonlinear underactuated mechatronic system, for which high-speed positioning and anti-swing control is the kernel objective. Existing methods for varying cable length cranes require either linearizations or approximations, when performing analysis, and they usually assume small load swing; moreover, the ranges of the tracking errors cannot be guaranteed during the overall process. Motivated by these facts, we present a new tracking scheme for cranes with load horizontal transportation and lowering control, which achieves simultaneous load swing suppression and elimination. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method yields the first feedback closed-loop control result not needing linearization or approximation operations to the original nonlinear crane dynamics with cable length variation, while relaxing the common assumption imposed on load swing associated with existing methods. It can also guarantee that the tracking errors are always within a priori set bounds and converge to zero rapidly. Lyapunov-like analysis is implemented to support the theoretical derivations. We carry out hardware experiments to illustrate the superior control performance of the new method.